JAMA Network Open

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JAMA Network Open is a member of the JAMA Network, a consortium of peer-reviewed, general medical and specialty publications. 🌐 JAMANetworkOpen.com

RCT results: Octenidine vs. Sterile Water for late-onset sepsis in 530 NICU neonates (231 girls, 299 boys). Intervention: 266 Octenidine, 264 Sterile water. Findings: No significant difference in sepsis incidence (Octenidine 14.7%, Sterile Water 12.9%).
Two histograms. A: 'Cigarettes smoked/d'; B: 'Carbon monoxide levels'. Both plot 'Frequency, %' vs 'Estimated individualized treatment effect'. Most data (light blue) show negative effects, centered around -5, indicating a decrease in both, with a small number of positive effects (orange).
Two line graphs. Graph A: Biochemical recurrence-free survival. Graph B: Distant metastasis-free survival. Both plot Time-dependent AUC vs Time (mo) for D'Amico (blue) and iD'Amico (orange). A shows AUC between 0.60-0.65. B shows AUC between 0.65-0.72. Error bars are visible.
Four graphs show relative antibody function (dark gray line) & CD19 count (blue line) over time for four patients. Red arrows mark infection episodes, dashed green lines indicate Rituximab treatment. The graphs compare typical responses, a refractory case, & response after relapse.
Map of Ontario showing regional ALC designation Relative Risk (RR) values. Regions are color-coded: dark blue is substantially below the provincial mean RR of 4.51 (e.g., Central West RR 2.39), while dark red is substantially above (e.g., Central RR 7.88). Other colors indicate below, similar to, or above mean.
Table: Association of neighborhood composition with same-day naloxone without prescription. Odds ratios for various racial/ethnic groups: White 1.13 (P=.003), Black or African American 0.94, American Indian/Alaska Native 0.25, Latino or Hispanic 0.24.
Three bar charts on menopause treatment. A: MHT use (ever); cream/suppository/injection highest (~34%). B: Prescription meds (past 30d); MHT highest (~77%), SSRI/SNRI second (~21%). C: Supplements (past 30d); 'Other' highest (~13%), then multiple supplements (~11%) & Calcium (~10%).
Statistical path diagram modeling PSMU and ADHD symptoms from Year 2 to Year 6. It illustrates within-construct stability (beta values), concurrent correlations (r values), and cross-lagged effects (beta values) between PSMU and ADHD symptoms over time. Latent variables RI of PSMU and RI of ADHD symptoms are correlated (psi=0.08).
Two line graphs display prevalence (%) from 1999-2020. A: Age group. "15 to <20 y" shows notable increase; "20 to <40 y" is lowest; "40 to <60 y" is highest. B: Race/ethnicity. "Non-Hispanic White" is highest; "Hispanic" increases; "Non-Hispanic Black" & "Othera" are moderate.
Scatter plot with error bars showing probability of admission to a BSH (y-axis) vs. Race and ethnicity (x-axis: White, Black, Hispanic, Multiple or other). Data points are grouped by SDI (0-20 to >80-100). Black individuals at higher SDI show the highest probabilities.
JAMA Network Open article, 'Original Investigation | Ethics: Medical Device Industry Payments and Utilization of Corresponding Devices.' Authors: Misop Han, Yuezhou Jing, Zeyad Hammadeh et al. Published Online: July 17, 2026.
Research Letter from JAMA Network Open: 'Music Listening and Multiple Dimensions of Well-Being in Acute Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial' by Giacomo Giacalone et al. Published online July 17, 2026.
Table 1: MABs, follow-up, and estimated effectiveness by clinician type in California, 2021-2025. Of 59,091 total MABs, 62.0% had follow-up with 92.9% estimated effectiveness. Physician associates showed 93.2% effectiveness. MAB: medication abortion.
A multi-panel forest plot displays Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) and 95% CI for Leukemia/lymphoma, CNS, and other cancers across four socioeconomic factors. Each factor is stratified by 5 marginalization quintiles (Q5 most marginalized, reference). Varied associations between marginalization & cancer risk.
Two graphs. A: Diurnal salivary cortisol profile, showing cortisol (nmol/L) declining from ~20 in morning (8 AM) to ~4 in evening (8 PM). B: Cortisol indices graph shows the same decline with error bars, highlighting total exposure (AUCg), change from baseline (AUCi), baseline, mean cortisol, and diurnal slope. X-axis: Time of day.
Five charts detail % change data. Map: central Denmark shows highest change. Girls' change slightly exceeds boys'. Age 17 has the highest increase (>300%). Quarter 3 shows the highest surge (~200%). Self-poisoning & jumping methods have greatest increases (~500%, ~300%), drowning decreased.
Four line graphs show adjusted cumulative incidence vs. time (y). A: All-cause mortality, B: Simple MM, C: Complex MM, D: MH MM. The dark blue line ("CM: Yes") consistently shows a higher incidence than the orange line ("CM: No") across all graphs over 0-25 years.
Three graphs on TTI. A & B show thresholds: A peaks at frequency 8 around 48 days (≤78d); B has one point at ~223 days (≥210d). C is a bar chart of TTI interval distributions by pathway. Early TTI (0-3d) is dominated by surgery, longer TTI (21-46d) by combined neoadjuvant/adjuvant.
Bar chart displaying the percentage of students who did not meet the expected level for various outcomes like EYFSP, Phonics, and KS1 subjects (reading, writing, math, science). Data is grouped by GA, wk (23-31), showing a general trend of higher percentages for earlier weeks.
Table 3 compares prescribing patterns, analgesic use, postoperative pain outcomes, and cumulative opioid consumption across five sites. It details pain scores, MME, hydrocodone, oxycodone, tramadol, nonopioid analgesic use, and nerve block use for each site.
JAMA Network Open article: "Bevacizumab and Platinum Choice in Pembrolizumab-Treated Advanced Cervical Cancer." By Alberto Farolfi, Chiara Casadei, Emanuela Scarpi, et al. Published online July 14, 2026. Original Investigation in Oncology.
Stacked bar chart showing the number of patients over time for PsAF (dark teal) and PAF (light blue). The Y-axis indicates 'Patients, No.' (0-1200), and the X-axis is 'Time, y' (0-50). Both PsAF and PAF patient counts sharply decrease over time, shown by stacked bars and dashed trend lines.
Bar chart shows enrollment fraction % by outreach method (Email, Text, Email + text) for Overall (N=8038), Black/Hispanic (n=4581), and White (n=2896) patient groups. Text outreach generally yields higher enrollment, especially for White patients (~0.95%). Email alone is lowest.
Table 1 shows study participant characteristics by sociodemographic and socioeconomic determinants. It details participation in an initial questionnaire, eligibility for LDCT screening, and attendance at baseline screening. Data is broken down by age, education, income, country of birth, marital status, and area-level socioeconomic status, including P values.
Gantt chart showing activity periods for 11 'Service areas' from Feb 2023 to Dec 2024. Service area 3 is active the entire period. Other areas show varying start and end times, mostly beginning in 2023 or 2024 and extending to late 2024.
Line graph plotting PHQ-4 score (1.8-2.6) against Digital engagement score (0-1). The PHQ-4 score generally increases from about 1.95 to 2.45 as digital engagement rises, with a shaded confidence interval around the trend line.
Bar chart: Volume-weighted IQ ratio for Professional (blue-grey) vs. Facility (orange) across 4 procedure categories. Facility ratios are consistently higher than Professional ratios for Diagnostic imaging, Stress testing, Interventional cardiology, and Cardiac electrophysiology procedures.
WEF nexus diagram. Water, Energy, & Food security (constrained by affordability, acceptability, availability, & accessibility) are central. They connect to factors like water footprint, crop irrigation, limited WASH, inadequate nutrition, leading to Communicable, Noncommunicable diseases, & Injuries. Blue: Water-related, Orange: Energy-related, Green: Food-related.
Table 3. Clinician Perceptions, detailing Assets and Concerns across categories like Patient environment and resources, Health behaviors, and Relationships. Examples include Housed vs. Unsheltered, and Prescription adherence vs. Active substance use.
Table shows topic distribution in Reddit posts vs. EHR clinical notes on menopause. Reddit focuses more on emotional well-being (77.30%) & cognitive impairment (19.58%). EHR notes emphasize hot flashes (46.59%), lifestyle changes (38.54%), & HRT (47.83%). Most differences are significant (P<.001).
JAMA Network Open, July 13, 2026. Article: 'Age, Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention, White Matter Integrity...'. Figure 3: Spaghetti plots of White Matter Hyperintensity (WMH) volume over time. Plot A: WMH grouped by baseline Free Water (FW) (Low, Mild, High). Plot B: WMH grouped by baseline Fractional Anisotropy (FA) (Low, Mild, High).
Map of South Carolina showing counties colored by value ranges: yellow for <500, light green for 500-999, medium green for 1000-1999, dark green for 2000-2999, and darkest green for 3000-4999. Higher values are concentrated in the southeastern coastal region.
Table 2: Unadjusted and Adjusted Analyses of Associations Between Coping Strategies and Transition Readiness. The table shows variables like coping styles (e.g., Problem-focused), MOS-SSS scale, Age, and Sex, with their mean differences (95% CI) and P values for both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Significant adjusted P values (<.001) are noted for MOS-SSS scale and Age, and .01 for Sex. Abbreviations are listed for medical centers.
JAMA Network Open article: 'Original Investigation | Neurology: Tenecteplase vs Alteplase and Time to Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke' by Steven J. Warach et al. Published online July 13, 2026. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.23260.
Forest plot showing Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) and P values for 'Multiple congenital anomalies', 'Congenital heart defects', and 'Congenital anomalies'. Data is presented for 'Unadjusted' and 'Inverse probability weighted' models.
Bar chart displays proportion of vision screening documentation at WCC visits by race/ethnicity. Measures include Any documentation, Corrected documentation rate, & Complete documentation. All groups show similar patterns; "Any documentation" rates are consistently highest.
Three plots over Mar 2020-Mar 2022. Top: Line graph of grandparent birthdays (steady), SARS-CoV-2 testing & positive results, spiking during Omicron. Middle: Timeline of private gathering caps (10, then 5). Bottom: Scatterplot of SARS-CoV-2 positivity hazard ratio, generally stable around 1.0. Periods marked: Index, Alpha, Delta, Omicron.
Four HR (95% CI) vs. Years since MAR treatment graphs. A: Ovarian (nonserous), IUI/OS HR fluctuates, peaks ~2.5. B: Melanoma (invasive), IUI/OS HR stable ~1. C: Breast (invasive), clomiphene citrate HR declines from ~1.5. D: Uterine, clomiphene citrate HR declines from ~5.
Two scatter plots show Florbetapir SUVR (Y-axis) vs. P-tau217 concentration (X-axis). Plot A: All participants; Plot B: Former football players. Points are colored by Deceased CTE status (positive/negative) and Aβ-PET status (positive/negative). Aβ-PET positive points generally fall above dotted threshold lines, indicating higher values.
Two line graphs, 2013-2024. Left: Proportion of mCRPC patients with/without BMA receipt. "With BMA" drops from ~60% to ~45%; "Without BMA" rises from ~40% to ~55%. Right: BMA type distribution. Denosumab declines from ~60% to ~55%; Zoledronic acid rises from ~38% to ~47%; others low.
JAMA Network Open article titled 'Home Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake in a Large Community-Based General Screening Population' by Elizabeth J. Suh-Burgmann et al., published online June 26, 2026. This is a Research Letter in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
JAMA Network Open article: "Patient Perspectives on Electronic Communication of Cancer Diagnoses" by Sheena Bhalla, Meera J. Patel, Lauren Abruzzo et al. A Research Letter in Health Informatics, published online June 24, 2026.
JAMA Network Open webpage showing a Research Letter in Psychiatry titled 'Terminated, Withdrawn, or Suspended Suicide Prevention Studies'. Authors: Ian H. Stanley et al. Published online June 29, 2026. Article ID: 2026;9;(6):e2620883. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.20883
Two box plots compare record review times. Left: Total time; Right: Time per patient. For 10 physicians, AI access (orange) and no AI access (blue) are shown. AI access generally correlates with lower review times per patient, while total review time results are mixed but often lower.
Three line graphs, 2014-2024. A: Health insurance coverage. Private coverage is highest (~70%) for both VI and non-VI. B: Any OOP spending is ~90%, while OOP ≥10% of income is 5-20%, with VI slightly higher. C: Mean OOP spending (2024 dollars), with VI spending generally higher.
Three scatter plots compare 'Clinic value' (Y-axis) to 'Patient value' (X-axis). A: ReADI shows a flat trend. B: SDI shows a slight negative trend. C: SVI shows a slight positive trend. All plots have dense grey data points, spanning from -2 to 2.
Table and forest plot showing participant numbers (cases/controls) and Adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for transplant groups (calendar time, time since transplant, site) compared to general population. Most transplant groups show increased risk with ORs above 1.
Table 4. Characteristics and Outcomes of 3 Patients Requiring Lenacapavir Rescue After Cabotegravir-Rilpivirine Failure. Details factors for failure, emergent resistance, lenacapavir treatment outcomes, CD4 counts (baseline & latest), and notes for each patient.
Two graphs, A and B, show user numbers & % change from 2022-2024. A (Oral PrEP): Users rose steadily from ~280k to ~350k, with negligible percentage change. B (LAI-CAB): Users remained very low, but percentage change started high (~380% in B2 2022) then sharply decreased.
Five stacked bar charts (A-E) show treatment types for first- to fifth-line therapies from 2021-2025. ARPI dominates first-line, while Taxane and Lu-177 increase in later lines. Legend includes ARPI, Taxane, PARPI, Lu-177, Platinum, Immunotherapy, Radium-223, Sipuleucel-T, Other, Not applicable.
Flowchart showing data analysis for TARGet Kids! dataset with three methods. Main analysis (MID) uses imputation then deletion. Sensitivity analysis 1 (DMI) uses deletion then imputation. Sensitivity analysis 2 is complete-case. All lead to RC and OC curve estimation.
RCT: Single-Use vs Reusable Catheters for Urinary Retention. Study of 386 patients (142M, 244F) found similar UTI incidence between 193 reusable (0.050 UTIs/mo) and 193 single-use (0.054 UTIs/mo) catheters, confirming noninferiority. Graph shows similar cumulative UTI trends.
Horizontal bar chart titled 'LLM' showing Gwet AC1 coefficient vs reviewers for various models. GPT-5 mini scores highest (~0.75), followed by Claude Opus 4.6 (~0.65), Gemini 3 Pro (~0.63), GPT-5 (~0.6), Claude Sonnet 4.6 (~0.45), and Claude Sonnet 4 (~0.28). Error bars indicate 95% CI.
Four line graphs show change in CVD mortality per 100,000 population over 12 years. Overall, a slight decrease. By age, >=65y saw a significant decrease, while 25-64y was flat. Females saw minor changes, males a slight decrease. Non-Hispanic Black mortality fluctuated, Non-Hispanic White was stable.
RCT: Heart Failure Medication Withdrawal After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. 47 patients (37M, 10F), median age 56. Intervention: 25 GDMT withdrawal, 25 GDMT continuation. Findings: No significant differences in heart failure deterioration. Withdrawal group 13%, continuation group 0%.
Horizontal bar chart of Cascade testing rate, %. Categories include Cancer status (Any cancer ~40%, No cancer ~17%), Cancer type (e.g., Breast cancer ~47%, Ovarian cancer ~49%), Proband gene (BRCA1/2 ~28%), P/LPVs (Multiple ~32%), and GC involvement.
Six bar charts show patient outcomes based on baseline eGFR. Charts A-C detail death rates (ICU, hospitalization, 90-day), generally increasing with lower eGFR. Charts D & F show KRT initiation/dependence in ICU, which rises significantly with lower eGFR. Chart E shows KRT dependence and death at 90 days by eGFR.
Five line graphs compare Log per capita TME for Massachusetts, Maryland, Vermont, Delaware, and Rhode Island against control states from various start years to 2020. Each graph shows pre and post-implementation phases, with state TME generally higher than control states and both trending upward.
Six line graphs show cumulative incidence function over 10 years, comparing biomarker levels (AHEI/rEDII with p-tau217, NFL, GFAP) & diet quality. 'Higher biomarker level, low diet quality' consistently shows the highest incidence, while 'Lower biomarker level, high diet quality' shows the lowest.